Unit 1
1Identifying tenses
Exercise1
ais walking n had been b walked washed/ c 'd beenwalking was washed d had taken o 've been e was taken washing f '11 take p will have g 'vehad been sold h'11 be having q sells i were having r will be sold/ j isfreshly made 's going to k '11 have made be sold
1's been made s will have been m 're being teaching washed t were being taught
Exercise 2 ACTIVE
Simple Continuous Present sells is walking Past walked were
having Future will take will be
having Present Perfecthave had have been
washing Past Perfect had taken had been
walking
Future Perfect will have will have made been
teaching PASSIVE
Simple Continuous Present is made are being
washed Past wastaken were being
taught Future willbe sold Present Perfect has been
made Past Perfect hadbeen
washed Future Perfect willhave been sold
2Correcting mistakes
a•
bManchester United are playing
really well at the moment. ... cI've heard you're going to have a
baby!/you're having a baby! ... d• e When I was a little girl, I always
spent my ...
fI've been going out with Paul ... g ... Perhaps I'll get him... h •
iA ... strike has been called by ... j ... and deservedto pass ...
3Choosing the right tense
a 've been looking/was looking bwonder/'m wondering/
wondered/was wondering c went d'd never been
ewas doing/did
fgot
gdid you feel
h'sbeen
i've visited
j felt
kwas travelling
1have been learning/are learning
m're looking forward
nis hoping/hopes
owill that be
pwill be able
qproduces
r've been
s'11 get
t've discussed
4Active or passive?
Exercise1
aVolvos aren't made in Norway. b Our house was built in the 17th
century.
cHas your bedroom been decorated d My bedroom's being decorated ... eWhile ... was being built... f ... our house had been burgled. g Shewon't be recognized ...
Exercise 2
awere caught were leaving/left
barrived had caught
care emptied
dhadn't been delivered
ehas been missing
fdon't you like love
're going to see
gwere driving were overtaken h had been snowing i arrive '11 be pickedup
5At home on a train Exercise1
adon't live k have been b has travelled removed c is made 1 paid d 've lived/ m were offered
've been living n 'm discoveringe didn't want o was built f saw p 've worked/ g fell 're working/ h bought have been i had already working
done q '11 ever sell jwe're still r will remain/
making remains
Exercise 2
aDo they live in a caravan? b How long have they lived/been
living there?
cWho did they buy it from? d How much did they pay for their
house? e How much were theyrecently
offered for the house? f Whereand when was it built? g Are they still working on the hous
6have, be,or do?
ahas (A) h does (A) b did (F) i was (A) c have (F) j is (A) d 've (A) being (A) e is/was (F) k doing (F)has/had (F) to have (F)
f didn't (A) 1 been (A) gdone (F) 'm(F)
7 Forms of haveand have got Exercise 1
a'... have you got/do you have a ...'
'... I'm having ...'
'... I've got/have ... to have...' b '... have you got/do you have ...'
'... I haven't/don't...'
'...had...'
'... haven't got/don't have ... c'...had...'
'...had...'
'... Will you have to ...' d'Have you got/do you have ...'
'No, we haven't/don't. Have/do
you?'
'... I've had ... I've got/have...'
'...to have ...' e '... We've got to/have to ...'
'... haven't got/don't have ...'
'... had ... Have ...' f ...having ... I've had ... haven't
had...
Exercise 2
aShe hasn't got...
bI don't usually have ...
cI haven't got/don't have ...
dThey aren't having ...
eWe didn't have ...
fI don't have to ...
gI didn't have to ...
Exercise 3
aWhat colour eyes has she got? b What time do you usually have
breakfast?
cHow much money do you have? d What are they having a row about? e Didyou have a good time on
holiday? f How many hours a daydo you have
to work? g , What time did youhave to get up
this morning?
8Rooms and their contents
Kitchen:taps sink dishwasher
scales breadbin tin opener
cat flap tea towel high chair
Welsh dresser Living room:French windows
armchair sofa rug
drinks cabinet magazine rack
ornaments Bedroom: chestof drawers
dressing table cot duvet
wardrobe pillow ornaments
sheets rug quilt Bathroom:shower curtain
towel rail washbasin bidet taps
scales flannel towel
9house and home idioms
Exercise1
aHe's got a huge appetite.
bThey have a very good relationship.
cI could shop for a very long time.
dThe drinks are free.
eThe musical was a success.
fThe pictures made me realize fully
the horrors of the famine. g Mumearns the money in our
family.
h Haig managed to win, althoughit wasn't easy.
Exercise 2
aWhen I saw her empty cat basket it
really brought home the fact I'd
never see her again. b We all goton like a house on fire. c They eat us out of house and home. dApparently, it brought the house
down. e I could dance until thecows come
home.
10Literal and idiomatic
Exercise1
aout e down h back b away f off on i in c down g out j away d off
Exercise 2
afell out (L) e Hold on (I)
fell out (I) hold on (L)b put up (I) f take it off (L)
put up (L) take off (I) c've sorted g picked it up (I)
out (L) pick him up (L)
sort it out (I) d stand up (L)
stand up (I)
11 Vowel sounds and spellingExercise 1
afriend e took i thought b English f huge j shirt c cheese g crash k chart d month h shock 1 temper
Exercise 2
leiletter weather breakfast head /i/ sick women busy building I'r.ltree jeans heat machine /a/ hug mother fun worry Ivl goodwoman could pullover /u:/ cool roof suit canoe 1x1 camp familyaccent fan /o/ log odd sausage want /a:/ horse walk daughter floor/3:i early work search worm /a:/ party father banana garden/a/ letter banana father machine
Exercise 3
aLearning a foreign language is very
useful. b It's important to havea good
dictionary.
cEnglish spelling isn't easy. d It's good to keep lists of vocabulary.e Grammar doesn't have to be
boring. f Everyone wants to speakEnglish
fluently.
Unit 10
1Tina's diary
Exercises1 and 2
ausually f rarely/ b occasionally hardly ever c used toC) g always d frequently h sometimes e rarely/ iwill
hardlyever j would (•)
2 Present habit Exercise 1
Id2g 3f 4e 5h 6c 7b 8 i 9 j 10 a
Exercise 2 (Sampleanswers)
aShe has three a day.
bHe's always telling people how
clever he is. c She won't eatanything at all
unusual.
dHe doesn't play anything. e They're always buying things. f He'salways sitting at his computer,
surfing the Internet. g She'salways watching TV. h He always expects the worst to
happen. i They will eatwith their mouths
open. j He never lets you down.
3used toand wouldExercise 1
aused to e used to
bDid you use to f didn't use to
cnever used to/ g did you use to
didn't use to h Didn't you dDid you use to use to
Exercise 2
1a,b 2 a 3 a,b,c 4 a,b,c 5 a 6 a, b, c 7 a, b 8 a 9 a,b,c
4Criticizing other people
Exercise1
b• d • e • h • i •
Exercise 2 My family
aMy dad will mend/is always
mending... b My brother willleave/is always
leaving... c My sister willborrow/is always
borrowing... d Uncle Tom willsmoke/is always
smoking ... e My grandpa wouldchew/was always
chewing... f Our great-grandmawouldn't turn
on/was always turning off...
5 Henry's Ј4.5 millionsecret Exercise 1
al b2 cl d3 e2 fl g2 hli3jlk211m3n2 o 3 p 3
Exercise 2
abelieve d didn't g always b to e use h inherited cwould f used
6get, become, or be?
aget upset h became clear b became ill i got to know c 'mgetting better got to like d to become j aren't used to
a pilot k has become a e'11 be ready bit of a bore 'm just getting 1 'm tired dressed m gets dark 've been ready n is becoming f 're lost more g are getting/ widespread are going to get/ have gotdivorced
7 Money Exercise 1 A+B
Itook out a loan.
Iexchanged some traveller's cheques.
Iinherited my grandfather's farm.
Wedon't accept credit cards.
Ineed change for a fiver.
Iearned over Ј2,000 in interest.
B+ C
Thisnew coat was a bargain.
Hischeque bounced.
Inflationwent up by 2%.
Theexchange rate is good at the
moment.
Mycredit card expires at the end of
July
Mypiggy bank is full of 5p pieces.
Exercise 2 A lesson in thriftat the supermarket
a check-out i wallet b barcodes j cash c added k customers d bill 1 cute pay m came to f salary n saving g cheque o change h overdrawn p receipt
8Verb + object + preposition
a remind me so much ofb invest all our money in c insured our car against dcongratulated me on
e was compensated ... for fmodels herself on g hide the truth from h held hertightly against/to i invited 300 guests to j brainwashespeople into k inherit a penny from 1 shouted abuseat m forgive him for n was accused ... of
9Rhymes and limericks
Exercise1
shouldgood food nude bread said leaf chief choose lose taught court toes knows chef deaf hate weight throughknew tight height wore pour full wool brain reignpool fool leave grieve blood mud foot put
Exercise 2 The Pelican
Arare old bird is a pelican
Hisbeak can hold more than his belly
can.
He can take in his beak
Enough food for a week, And I'mdamned if I know how the hell he can!
The lady from Twickenham Therewas a young lady from Twickenham
Whoseshoes were too tight to walk quick in 'em.
She came back from a walk
Looking whiter than chalk And shetook them both off and was sick in 'em!
Unit 11
1 Real or hypothetical past?Exercise 1
a• d • h •
Sentencesb, c, e, f, and g all express
hypotheses.
Exercise 2
a X b • c X d X e •f X g X h • Exercise 3
adon't, d is. g was. b didn't, e won't, h don't. ccan't, f do.
2Present and past wishes Exercise1
I wish you were rich. I wish Iwere rich. I wish you could come. I wish I could come. I wish youwould come. I wish you had come.
Exercise 2
acould/ e had stayed
was able to f didn't speak/ bwasn't wouldn't speak c didn't g hadn't spent dhadn't gone h lived
3 Expressions of regretExercise 1
aI wish I'd invited him to the party.
bYou should have been watching ..,
cIf only I hadn't said that to her.
dI wish I hadn't hit him.
eI'd rather you didn't tell her.
fI wish Megan didn't/wouldn't stay
out so late.
gIf only we could come ... h I should have worked harder ...
Exercise 2 (Sampleanswers)
aI wish I had a Rolls Royce.
bIf only I could get a job.
cIf only I could get to sleep. I wish it
were morning. d We should havebooked some
rooms.
eI wish I'd bought some petrol. f I wish she'd stop playing, (the cat
speaking!)
4 Making excuses Exercise1
aIf I hadn't had the shellfish, I
wouldn't have been ill. b I wouldhave phoned you if I'd had
the time. c If I'd known thejumper was so
expensive, I wouldn't have bought
it. d I wouldn't have believed itif I
hadn't seen it with my own eyes.
Exercise 2
aIf I'd known your address, I'd have
sent you a postcard. b If I'dknown when your birthday
was, I'd have bought you apresent. c If I'd set my alarm clock, I wouldn't
be late/have been late. d If Ihadn't been taking my wife to
hospital, I wouldn't have brokenthe
speed limit.
5May's disastrous day
Exercise1
a... she'd set her alarm clock.
b... she hadn't been late again.
c... she wouldn't have locked herself
in the toilet and she wouldn'thave
forgotten to meet Ben for lunch.d ... he wouldn't have ended their
relationship. e ... she wouldn'thave lost a contact
lens.
f... she hadn't lost a contact lens. g ... she wouldn't have had towait at
the bus stop in the pouringrain/...
she wouldn't have got so wet. h... she hadn't waited at the bus stop
in the pouring rain/ ... shehadn't
got so wet. i ... she hadn'tforgotten to meet him
three times. j ... it wouldn'thave eaten the
budgie.
Exercise 2
M Well, if you hadn't endedour relationship. I wouldn't have forgotten to feed the cat and thenit wouldn't have eaten the budgie.
M Well, that was Ms Collins'fault. If she hadn't cancelled mv business trip. I wouldn't havebeen upset and
locked myself in the toiletand I wouldn't have forgotten to meet you for lunch.
B Ah! Now I understandeverything. If you'd remembered to set your alarm clock, youwouldn't have overslept and you wouldn't have been late for work andMs Collins wouldn't have cancelled your business trip and youwouldn't have been upset and forgotten our date.
6Revision of all conditionals
aIf I still feel sick. I won't go ... b If you sold them, you'dmake ... c If I see her. I'll tell her... d If Alice hadn't gone... she wouldn't
have met... e 'If shedidn't love him, she wouldn't
have married him.' f Ifyou buy .... you get one free. g A What would you do if you saw aghost?
B I'd run a mile. h If we hadbrought.... we would
know... i If you hadn'thad ..., the house
would have burnt down. jIf I were you, I'd apologize. k If he eatscheese, he gets ... 1 If you listened .... you would have
heard ... wouldn't bestuck here.
7 Words other than ifExercise 1
a Supposing e Were b in case f as long as c unless g Had d Providing h Should
Exercise 2
aI won't come unless they invite me. b Supposing he left you, whatwould
you do? c I'll join the tennisclub provided
that you do/join too. d We'regoing to install a smoke
alarm in case there is a fire. eShe won't get the job unless she
learns to speak French. f Imaginethe lifeguard hadn't been
there, what would have happened?g I won't go out this evening in case
Paul rings. h I'll come at 8.00as long as that's all
right with you.
8Poor rich Mr Briggs
awish b provided c unless d would e should f only g if h case i even jwould k been 1 be m hadn't n would o hadn't
9Physical appearance or personality?
Exercise1
Physical appearance: curlyspotty skinny freckled wrinkled bald well-built graceful bespectacledagile chubby smart
Personality: brainy nosycheeky moody two-faced absent-minded narrow-minded quick-temperedaffectionate hard-hearted big-headed smart
Exercise2
toarm a country against the threat of
war to back out of anagreement/the car
out of the garage to elbowsomeone out of the way to eye someone with suspicion to finger thematerial gently to foot the bill for the meal to hand out the booksto the class to head the ball into the net to shoulder theresponsibility/blame to thumb through a book quickly to toe the linein a job or organization
Exercise 3
a.handed g were armed b elbow h toe c thumbed ifingering d eyed j have backed e was footing k shoulder fheaded
10Nouns from phrasal verbs
abreakdown g outlook b comeback h outbreak c hangover ibreakthrough d check-up j feedback e outcome k takeaway fby-pass 1 downfall
11Ways of pronouncing -ea-
Exercises 1 and 2 leibread: breath breadth deaf
thread death breast leapt
lead (n) health heaven jealous
meant weapon 1'r.lmeat: scream breathe cease
cheat heal beast leap lead (v)
reason lisl fear:dear tear (n) spear
clear beard gear theatre
weary /es/ wear: tear(v)bear pear
swear
/ei/ break: steak greatls:l learn: yearn earth pearl
hearse search
Unit 12
1Adding information before
andafter a noun Exercise 1
aThere's a woman wearing a hat
pushing a pram. b I can see a boybeing chased by a
dog. c A man is sitting on abench reading
a newspaper and eating asandwich. d There's a gardener with a cap on his
head cutting the grass. e Afamily is sitting under a tree
having a picnic. f I can see anice-cream van with a
long queue. g There are somechildren in rowing
boats on the lake. h Some men aresitting fishing by the
side of the lake.
iThere's a boy on a hill flying a kite. j I can see a boy on a bikeriding past
the lake.
Exercise2
alawn mower f ice-cream van b litterbin g rowing boat ctennis racquet h fishing rod d goalposts i mountain bike ewheelbarrow j rollerblades
Exercise 3
aI'm going on a two-week adventure
holiday driving through theSahara
Desert. b The judge gave her afive-year
prison sentence for kidnapping a
millionaire's son. c She's goingto do a three-year
course in modern languages at
Oxford University. d Mercedeshave brought out a new
two-door sports car with a top
speed of 150 miles per hour.
2 Articles Exercise 1
a a b the c the d a e (nothing),a, the f the g a, (nothing) h the, (nothing) i a. The, (nothing), the
Exercise 2
aAn b the c a da
e(nothing) f an g a h the
ithe j a/the k The la m the
nthe o (nothing) p the q the
r(nothing) s his t The
u(nothing) v an w (nothing)
x(nothing) y the z A
3Determiners
aAll none i Each
beither both j either both
cboth neither k Neither
devery 1 Either
eeach m both either
feach n No
gno every o Each
hevery
4Demonstratives
aThese f that k that b This g this 1 this c That h these m That d those i this n those e that j this o that
5Emphatic structures
bThe thing I don't understand is
where he gets his money from. cWhat I like about her is her sense of
humour. d It's the dark winterevenings I don't
like. e What those children needis firm
guidance. f The thing I don'tlike about Jenny is
the way she always has to know
best.
gIt isn't money I want, it's love. h What I can't stand about John isthe
fact that he never buys you adrink. i The thing you have to remember
about Kathy is that she'ssincere. j It's the fact that I'm rich and he
isn't that makes him jealous.
6Emphasis in speaking
aI did do it.
bI did it. Sorry
cI knew John was coming.
dI knew that ages ago.
eI didn't tell her.
fI didn't tell her.
gI told you.
hI like Annie.
iI do like Annie. I think she's great.
jI like her.
7Word order
aI was born in the middle of winter
in 1981. b She bought a new carwith the
money her father had left her inhis
will. c He walked with a limp,because he
had hurt his leg playingfootball. d I usually go shopping at Tesco's
because the prices are lower. e Igo shopping early on Saturday
morning, before everyone else
arrives. f I'm going to Londontoday to buy
a new coat for Jack. g You shouldput your money in the
bank immediately. h Last year wewent to France on
holiday, but unfortunately the
weather was awful. i She tidiedup her flat quickly/She
quickly tidied up her flat,because
her parents were coming to stay.j I'll never understand why she loves
him so passionately.
8The passive voice
a Many of van Gogh's most famouspaintings were completed in Aries in 1888, including Sunflowers.Just two years later he shot himself at the age of 37.
During his lifetime, he only soldone of his pictures. Today his art work is among the highest pricedin the world. In 1989 Irises was bought for $53.9 million.
b I've been invited to BuckinghamPalace to collect an award for a book I wrote a few years ago.
c Penicillin was discovered in1929. Since then, it has saved many lives.
d Scientists working in Americahave discovered a drug that prevents the common cold. The drug willnow be produced commercially, and it should be available soon.
9Combining nouns
athe back of the chair
bthe cat's milk
ctoilet paper
dmy parents' advice
ea bottle of wine
froad sign
gwine bottles
hThe Prime Minister's duties/The
duties of the Prime Minister iThe heel of my shoe j your hair brush k the end of the film 1 today'snews m Underground station n my parents' wedding anniversary o Thecompany's success/The success
of the company
p a fortnight's holiday q Thegovernment's economic
policy/The economic policy of the
government r the local stateschool s The annual rate of inflation t coffee cups u cup of coffee
10Hot verbs set and break
Exercise1
set off on a journey a bone inplaster fire to sth your alarm clock a good example a new worldrecord your heart on doing . sth
break a bone skiing thesound barrier the law the old world record a promise someone's heartthe speed limit
Exercise 2
aTeachers should set a good example
to...
bYou're breaking the speed limit. c I'll set the alarm clock for .,. dIt broke his heart... e I set fire to the kitchen. f ... is breakingthe law. g ... do we need to set off? h He's broken the old worldrecord ... i She's set a new world record. j I broke my arm ... thedoctor set
my arm in plaster ... k Youshould never break a promise.
I... it breaks the sound barrier ... m We've set our hearts on moving...
IINoun + prepositions
aout of b in c on, by d for e in f between g for h to i about/on jwith k to 1 of m on n to o in
12Nouns and verbs
Exercise1
Noun Verb
advice/sdvais/ to advise /sdvaiz/ use /ju:s/ to use /ju:z/ abuse/sbju:s/ to abuse /sbju:z/ belief /bili:f/ to believe/brii:v/ relief /nli:f/ to relieve /nli:v/ grief /gri:f/ to grieve /gri:v/ excuse /ikskju:s/ to excuse /ikskju:z/ breath/bre6/ to breathe /bri:S/ half /ha:f/ to halve /ha:v/house /haus/ to house /hauz/ safe /serf/ to save /seiv/bath /ba:9/ to bathe /bei8/
Exercise 2
abelief g half half
bbreath h use
csafe i being housed
dabuse j excuse
ebathing k grieve
frelief 1 advice
Unit 2
1Present Perfect simple or
continuous?Exercise 1
aI've written to Auntie Fay to wish
her a happy birthday.
I've been writing my essay all
morning. b I've lost my car keys.
I've been losing weight recently.
cThey've missed the train.
They've been missing you lots, so
come home soon. d She's beentalking on the phone for
ages.
She's talked about this subject
before. e Paula's been leavingwork late all
this week.
Paula's left work early today to
meet her uncle. f The cat's beengoing next door to
have its dinner.
The cat's gone upstairs. g He'shad a heart attack.
He's been having second thoughts
about accepting the job. h I'vebeen saving up to buy a new
stereo.
I've saved up about Ј200.
1I've been swimming which is why
my hair is wet.
I've swum twenty lengths today. jI've been finding it difficult to
concentrate recently.
I've found my cheque book atlast.
Exercise 2
a's been snowing
bhave you travelled
chave lived 've been trying
haven't managed d have beenarguing e 've eaten
f have been running g 's beencrying 's failed h 've been sunbathing
2Present Perfect/Past Simple
aWhich school did he go to? b How long has he known Julian?
Since he was 11 years old. c Howlong has he been married to
Maria? d What did he do/was hedoing in
Argentina?
He taught/was teaching English. eWhen did he return to England?
After his son was born. f Howmany times did he work as a
sales representative? g Where didhe move to after
Caroline was bom? h How long hashe been selling
clothes?
Since he was fifty-five yearsold. i Has Paul had a successful career?
No, he hasn't, because he's now
selling clothes at Peckhammarket.
3 World's highest dustmanExercise 1
alives g has found b has already h came
made i has collected caims/'s aiming j has been d was working preparing e heard k 's training f was looking 1 succeeds
Exercise 2
a'm beginning m try/'m trying/ b 'vedone 've been trying cfeel n 's snowed/ d 've been 's been snowinglearning/ o are sunbathing/
've learned have been eisn't/hasn't sunbathing
been p are checking/ f've slept/'ve have been
been sleeping checking g 'restaying q mentioned h dream r are thinking/ i haven'tseen were thinking j feels s get k 've been telling/t make
tell u get up 1 'sbeen/is v to be lying
4Present Perfect passive
aA yachtsman has been rescued in
the Pacific. b Valuable jewelshave been stolen
from Harrods. c The missing boyhas been found
alive. d MPs have been given ahuge pay
rise. e Ten people have beenkilled by a
tornado in Texas. f An ancienttomb has been
discovered in Egypt. g 2,000people have been made
redundant at British Aerospace. hA cure has been discovered for
teenage acne.
5have something done
Exercise 1
aI had one hundred copies of my
report printed.
bShe wants to have her ears pierced. c I'm going to have my eyestested. d They've had their leaking roof
fixed. e We haven't had thephotocopier
mended yet.
Exercise 2 (Sampleanswers)
They'vehad the cake decorated.
She'shaving her hair done.
She'shad the wedding dress made.
She'shaving her nails manicured.
They'vehad the invitations printed.
They'rehaving the photographs taken.
Theyhad the champagne delivered.
She'shaving the bouquets delivered.
Hehad his hair cut.
He'shaving his feet massaged.
Hehad his suit fitted.
They'llbe having the photographs
developed.
Hehad his shirt pressed.
She'llbe having her wedding dress
dry-cleaned.
6Transport
Exercise1
1= Car; 2 = Bus; 3 = Train; 4 = Plane;
5= Bicycle; 6 = Ferry
123456 get into/ ^ outof_________________
geton/•• • • • pit___________________
takeoff/ ^
land___________________
ride______________•___
drive ^ f/________
catch/miss ^ \/ >/____f/
board___________•___
overtake i/_____•___
park____^__________
Exercise 2 car: trafficlights one-way street
joyrider tyres trailer slip-road
spare tyre service station lay-by
seat-belt horn tunnel
traffic jam bus: trafficlights tunnel tyres
timetable spare tyre lay-by
horn traffic jam season ticket
ticket collector train:carriage tunnel ticket
collector platform timetable
track porter coach
season ticket plane:runway check-in desk
trolley tyres seat-belt cargo
hand luggage Customs cabin
life jacket bicycle:handlebars tyres crash
helmet traffic lights
one-way street ferry: decklife jacket gangway
jetty port horn cargo cabin
Customs
Exercise 3
aOVERTAKE
bCARAVAN
cRUNWAY
dGANGWAY
eSLIP ROAD
fPORTER
gCARGO
hSERVICE STATION
iTUNNEL
jHANDLEBARS
kROUND TRIP
1TRAFFIC JAM
mCUSTOMS
nCHECK-IN DESK
Mysteryword: TRANSPORTATION
7Prepositions of movement
aabove/over/behind n in b out of o off c along/down/up pover d out of/through q across e along/down/up r towards fover s to g to t through h on/onto u on i round v by/beside j along/up/down w against kpast x past/by 1 into y over m beside/by/at
8 Word stress
Exercise1
a explorer exploration bJapan Japanese c optimist optimistic d industry industrial e economy economics f politics politician gorigins original h opera operatic
Exercises 2 and 3
• • opera chocolatesbusiness broadcast
•• Japan create abroadhotel unique
• • • explorerreligion delicious destruction illegal develop
• • •optimist industry politicsorigins traveller backpacker privileged organize passenger caravanphotograph
•••Japanese overtake
• • •• exploration optimisticeconomics politician operatic prehistoric
• • •• industrial economyoriginal discovery inhabitant experiment photographer
Unit 3
1Past Simple and Past Perfect
Exercise1
afell i had cost
bhad fallen j cost
chad felt/felt k flew
dfelt 1 had never flown
ehad had m caught
fhad n had caught
gtore o had been
hhad torn p were
Exercise 2
•/: feel havecost catch ^:fall tear fly be
2Past Simple or Continuous?
aplayed/was playing were winning
lost
bwas coughing/coughed didn't get c was playing hit made d wasn'tthinking had e picked gave made f was pruning heard appeared
stung g was snowing got up
were making put raced
3Past Simple or Past Perfect?
a didn't find had given b ranghad just returned c had wanted did had come d had/had had burst/hadburst
broke/had broken left/had left ewent had been had had
decided f had been/was became
had earned gave g had eatendidn't fit h came had done had made
4 Time expressions Exercise1
a3b4 c2 d5 el f9 g6 h 10 i 8 j 7 k 13 1 14 m 15 n 12 o 11
Exercise 2
aTwo years ago, while I was working
in Paris, my grandfather died. bAs soon as I had fed the cat I did
my homework. c First I had ashower, then I got
dressed. d Since I was a child Ihad always
wanted to go to Australia, and I
finally went last year. e As heposted the letter he realized
he hadn't put a stamp on it. f Bythe time he'd finished speaking,
most of the audience had fallen
asleep.
gOnce I'd told him the truth I felt
better. h Until I tried/had triedwaterskiing I
hadn't believed/didn't believehow
difficult it would be.
5Puss in Boots
Exercise 1
1 had been staying, had justwaved
2 were driving, was miaowing
3 crashed into
4 caught fire, arrived, pulledthem out
5 had raced back
6 leapt up, ran away, wascarrying
7 hadn't found
8 was lying awake, heard, woke,had been dreaming
9 crept, the noise was comingfrom, were bleeding, had found his way, had been walking
10 knitted, wore
Exercise 2
awere driving n was lying awake b had been o had been
staying dreaming c hadjust waved p heard d was miaowing q woke e crashed into r crept fcaught fire s the noise was g arrived coming from hpulled them t had been
out walking i hadraced back u had found his j was carrying way k leapt up vwere bleeding 1 ran away w knitted m hadn't found x wore
Exercise 3
aWho had Jim and Rita been staying
with?
bWhy was Whiskers miaowing? c What happened to their car? d What wasRita doing when the car
exploded? e Why did Whiskers runaway?/Why
did Whiskers leap into the air? fWhat had Rita been dreaming
about? g How long had Whiskersbeen
walking (for)? h Why did Ritaknit him some baby
bootees?
6Active to passive
aA medieval temple was discovered
underneath the new housingestate. b The races were held indoors
because it was raining. c Ourhouse had been broken into
and all my jewellery had been
stolen. d The leisure centre hadbeen booked
for a children's party onSaturday. e The dishwasher was being fixed so I
couldn't leave the house. f Ourhotel room still hadn't been
cleaned when we returned. g Thefish hadn't been cooked for
long enough. It was still raw! hNew traffic lights were being put up
at the crossroads.
7Active and passive
MaudieWalker
ahad just d was overcome
succeeded e suffered b wassmiling f died c waving
MajorSummerfield
ahad died g had just caught b was fighting h struck c wasstruck i were paralysed d fell j was being e wasn'tbadly buried
injured k shattered f wasfishing Rueben Tice
awasn't e exploded b was working f was hit c hadn't slept g was killed d was putting/ h was covered
had been putting
8The world of literature
Poetry: nursery rhymecharacter ballad verse paperback hardback
Prose: plot chapterautobiography character best-seller review science fiction novelistcritic blockbuster fairy tale hardback whodunnit paperback thriller
Drama:plot act director
character backstage leading role.science fiction script review blockbuster props scenery criticrehearsal playwright whodunnit stalls thriller standing ovationperformance
9 Words commonly confused
1 a 're waiting for b is expectedc are looking forward to
2 a ground b floor c ground
3 a Actually b at the moment creally
4 a alone lonely b lone
5 a nervous b embarrassed cashamed
6 a was usually taken bbrought/brings c fetch
7 a Have you seen b were watchingc Look at
10Phrasal verbs type 1
Exercise1
showoff-boast turnup-arrive find out - discover own up - admit dozeoff- fall responsibility
asleep cheer up - behold on - wait happier speak up - talk go out - stop
louder burning set off- begin a shut up-be quiet
journey stay in - not goblow up - explode out, stay at home settle down - have
a calmer, more
stable life
Exercise2
a owns up i dozed off bwent out j find out c '11 turn up k Shut up d set off 1 Hold on e Cheer up m Speak up f showing off ' n blew up gstay in h settled down
11 Diphthongs Exercise 1
a /pei/ e /dis/ b/rait/ f /boi/ c /faun/ g /tus/ d /round/ h /fea/
Exercise 2
a near e page b care f join c throw g town d flight h fewer
Exercise 3
1'v.l (2) /ei/ (1 )/u:/(4) /so/(3)
/3:/(5) /3:/(6) /3:/(8) /I8/(7)
/s:/(10) /a:/ (9)
/au/(ll)/so/(12)
/u:/(13) /so/ (14)
/u:z/(17)/suz/(15) /aus/(16)
/u:z/(19)/u:s/(18)
/cm/(22)/u:m/(21) /sum/(20)
/ol/(23)/sul/(24) /Am/(26)
/somf (25) ls\l(27) (28) /ei/(29) /e/(30) /u/ (33) /u:/(32) /a/ (31) /ud/ (35)/sold/ (34) /su/(38) /a/(36) /o/(37)
Unit 4
1Countable or uncountable?
aluggage f unemployment b food g accommodation c cash h health d corn i music e fruit j traffic
2some or any?
aany d some any b some/any any e any any c Some any fsome some
3much or many?
aIs there much work ...? b I didn't spend much time .'.. c Did they domuch research ...? d They couldn't give me much
information ... e There is toomuch traffic ... f I didn't have too many problems...
4The canteen
Exercise1 (Sample answers) a There are lots of cheese sandwiches. b Thereare a few ham sandwiches. c There's a huge amount of spaghetti. dThere's only a little rice and
vegetable curry. e There are afew hamburgers. f There are no chips. g There's hardly any fruitsalad.
hThere are a couple of bananas. i There aren't many doughnuts. jThere's hardly any apple juice.
Exercise 2
a's lots f are a few b a few g 's only a littlec 's only a little h 've got a couple d aren't any (left) i alittle e a little j lots
5very little, a little, very few, a few, fewer, less
aa few chips
ba little whisky
cChildren have less respect for their
teachers than they used to. dvery few e a little Swedish f Fewer people . g Very few people h afew years
i There's very little I can do... j a few of them
6 From riches to rags Exercise1
amany k all b hardly any/ 1 a large number
very little m very little/ ca few hardly any d a huge amount n fewer e no oless f few p none g nobody q a lot h much r a couple i most s anything j several t Something
Exercise 2
aFred has no relatives. b Fred didn't talk to anyone about his
grief. c People were friendly toFred
because he had a lot of money. dHe invested a lot/a huge amount of
his money. e Fred had a littlemoney left when
Barings went bankrupt. f Nobodyhelped Fred when he ran
out of money. g Fred has made acouple of real
friends. h Fred has learned a lotfrom his
experience.
7something,anybody,
everyone,nowhere...Exercise 1
asomewhere h anywhere b anyone i someone c everywhere jsomething
anywhere anything danything k anyone e everything 1 Everyone/ f nothing Everybody g nobody/no one
Exercise 2
aHe told the police that he knew
nothing.
He didn't tell the policeanything. b I think they live somewhere in
London.
I don't mind. I'll live anywherein
London.
cAnybody can cook. It's easy.
Nobody phoned you. Sorry. d I'vesearched everywhere.
I can't find it anywhere. e Ithought I'd know somebody at the
party.
I didn't know anyone at theparty. f My parents never took me
anywhere when I was a kid.
My parents took me everywhere
when I was young. g Jane alwaysgot everything she
wanted.
Jane didn't have anything towear. h I've already had something to eat.
I've had nothing to eat.
8all or every?
aeverything b Everything c All d Every e All f All g All h all the ieverything j all k Every
9 A piece of cake! Exercise1
ajar of honey a can of beer/soup/
Cokea slice of bread/cake
atube of toothpaste a piece of cake/
paper/breada loaf of bread
abottle of beer/Coke a bar of
soap/chocolatea box of chocolates
atin of soup a sheet of paper
Exercise 2
aa piece/slice f slice of bread
of cake g many cans/ b atin/can of bottles of beer
soup h bar of soap csheets of paper i a jar of special d a box of apple blossom
chocolates honey, e bar ofchocolate
10Prepositions and nouns
Exercise1
A
above/below/onaverage on foot
underarrest over/under Ј500
above/below/over/under75%
above/belowfreezing
over/under18 years old
undernew management
onholiday under pressure
onbusiness
B
at/bymidnight during/in the night
by/onNew Year's Day
by/during/inthe winter
by/onFriday afternoon
at/by/duringthe weekend
in/ontime in a fortnight's time
during/inthe rush hour in his forties
Exercise 2
aover b in c on d at e on f on g By h On i at j during/ in k below 1under m in n by o in
11Sentence stress
a Well, I know he earns a lotmore
• than me.
b What do you mean? He's alreadybought a brand new one.
cDidn't you know that all of Frank's
clothes are designer labels? d Hehas loads of them.
e No, in fact he's in Florida on
• holiday.
• • f Really?The girl I saw him with had
• • short, brownhair.
12Phonetics
Exercises 1 and 2
Fruit: 'grapefruit pear'pineapple 'cherry 'melon 'orange plum 'strawberry 'raspberryavo'cado 'mango
Vegetables: 'carrot'cauliflower pea po'tato 'cabbage leek cour'gette 'parsnip 'cucumber'sweetcorn 'spinach 'onion
Unit 5
1Question tags
aYou're going to work harder from
now on, aren't you? b I'll seeyou next week, won't I? c Kate's leaving soon, isn't she? d You'llring when you get there,
won't you? e Our plane takes offat 4 p.m.,
doesn't it? f The decorators willhave finished by
next week, won't they? g Youaren't getting married next
week, are you? h We won't needtickets to get in, will
we?
1We'll be millionaires one day, won't
we? j Max won't be coming, willhe?
2will or going to?
a A 'm going to B '11 b A aregoing to B '11 c A 'm going to '11 B '11 d A 's going to/will B '11 eA 'm not going to B '11 f A '11 B 'm going to '11 g A 'm going to B'11 '11 h A 're going to/'ll B '11
3What does John say?
a.I'll buy her a present.
bI'm going to study hard ...
cI'm seeing/going to see ...
dI think Manchester United will/are
going to win on Saturday. e I'msorry. I'm going to be late. f My sister is going to have/having a
baby next March. g My plane takesoff at 7.30 a.m.
from London, Heathrow. h I'll belying on a beach in Spain this
time next week.
4Future Cont. or Perfect?
aI'll have become ...
bI'll be running my own ,..
cI'll have moved to California.
dI'll be living in a mansion ...
eI'll have joined a ...
fI'll have married a ...
g I'll be earning over ... h I'llhave given up smoking.
5A Hollywood interview Exercise1
aare getting h will arrive b will have i are coming
exchanged j won't be c '11make coming d are going to k are going to
tell have e arehaving 1 doesn't start f will you be m will be arriving
inviting n leaves g arecoming o '11 be
Exercise 2
awill be e will be working
expecting f will be worried/b '11 own worrying c will have fallen g won't have
out remembered/ dwill be having/ won't remember
will have had h will want iwon't agree
6Correcting mistakes
a A What are you doingthis weekend?
B • b A •
B Oh, no! What am I going todo? c A Is it true that Rachel is getting married to ...
B • d A •
B Yuk! You'll have to wake me up.
I can never get up ... e A •
B ... You'll be getting ... f A •
B ... It'll only take a ... g A •
B ... We're going to stay/
're staying at home. h AI'll ring you as soon as I arrive.
B •
7Future time clauses
awon't get eat sensibly.
b're not moving to find/have found
c'11 love/'re going to love meet
dAre you going to learn 're
ewon't go to bed have
f's going to be 've finished
gdon't do will you have to
hwill deal are
i'11 feel have/have had
jtry/have tried '11 never use
8Health
Exercise 1 (Sampleanswers) a The nurse took the patient's
temperature. b The surgeonperformed a difficult
operation. c The accident victimwas carried on
a stretcher. d The toddler fellover and grazed his
knee.
eThe teenager had spots on her face. f The pregnant woman felt faintin
the smoky atmosphere. g The oldman had a heart attack.
hThe tennis player sprained her
wrist. i The racing driver waslucky to
survive the crash. j The soldierwas wounded in the
attack.
kThe gardener was stung by a wasp. 1 The ferry passengers feltsea-sick
during the crossing. m Theholidaymaker suffered from
sunburn.
Exercise 2
ainjured f allergic to b dislocated g a blister cstitches h dizzy d pain i run down e a rash j damages
9Hot Verbs be and have
Exercise1
be on the safe side intouch with sb no point in doing sth off colour out of one's mind upto date in charge of sb/sth on one's mind
have the nerve to do sthsb round a word with sb a ball no chance of doing sth
Exercise 2
abe a bit off g had the nerve
colour h to be on the b'11 be in touch safe side c 're having Mel i have no chance
and Andy of
round j 'm in charge of d's always on k having a ball
my mind 1 's no point in e've been out m be up to date
of my mind f have a word
with you
10Phrasal verbs types 2 and 3
atalked it over g look after him b take after her h look into it csort it out i get over it d gone off her j work it out e callit off k putting me f put them away down
11Sounds and spelling
Exercise1
a won't /au/ want /r>/b walk h:/ work ly.l c wonder /a/ wanderlol d woman /u/ women /i/ e warm lo:l worm /3:/ f word /3:/ ward Iv.l g wear leal weary list h weight /ei/ weird /is/
Exercise 2
aphone e weak h height b blood f lower i pear c love g north j layer d through
Unit 6
1General knowledge quiz
Ib2a 3a 4c 5b 6a 7c 8b 9c 10 a
2Defining or non-defining?
Exercise1
aD bD cND dD eND f D g ND h D i ND j ND
Exercise 2
a... who could teach me ...
b... that has four bedrooms.
c... Romeo and Juliet, which is one of
the best films I've ever seen. d... that sells second-hand furniture? e Marilyn Monroe, whose realname
was Norma Jean Baker, died of an
overdose of barbiturates. f ...who lose their temper ... g My computer, which I bought just
last year, is already out ofdate. h I met a girl I went to school with. i Professor JamesWilliams, who is
considered to be the world'sexpert
on butterflies, will... j Ibought a ham and pickle
sandwich, which I ateimmediately.
3Punctuation and omitting the pronoun
aThe thing that I most regret is not
going to university. b My twodaughters, who are 16 and
13, are both interested indancing. c (no change) d (no change) e (no change) f Salt, whosequalities have been
known since prehistoric times, is
used to season and preserve food.g The CD -that I bought yesterday
doesn't work. h You know the book-that you paid
Ј20 for? I just got it forЈ5. i (no change) j Devon, where my mother's family
comes from, is famous ...
4All relative pronouns Exercise 1
aHave I told you recently how much I
love you? b I have to do what Ibelieve to be
right. c I love garlic in all myfood, which is
why I'm always brushing my teeth.d We're emigrating to Australia,
where my brother lives. e I met agirl whose hair came down
to her waist. f I passed all myexams, which greatly
surprised my teachers. g Let meknow when you expect to
arrive. h Being generous, I'llbuy you
whatever you want.
Exercise 2
a who i where b that j that c where k whose d which 1 (nothing) e(nothing) m where f whose n which g which oWhatever h (nothing)
5Prepositions in relative clauses
aThis is the book I was telling you
about.
bShe's a friend I can always rely on. c That's the man the police were
looking for. d She recommended abook by
Robert Palmer, who I'd neverheard
of. e The carpet which you paidЈ500 for
has been reduced to Ј200. fThe Prime Minister, whose views I
agree with, gave a good speech. gHe spoke about the environment,
which I care deeply about. hWhat's that music you're listening
to? i Her mother, who she lookedafter
for many years, died last week. jMy daughter has started smoking,
which I disapprove of.
6Participles as adjectives
ascreaming k boring
bsatisfied 1 tiring
cdisgusting m unexpected
dconfusing n disturbing
eloaded o thrilling
fexposed p relaxing
gconceited q blocked
hfrightening r disappointed -
iexhausting s well-behaved
jdisappointing t promising
7Participle clauses Exercise 1
a People living ... b Lettersposted ... c The train standing ... d ... passengers trapped ... e... litter dropped ... f ... house overlooking ...
Exercise 2
a finishing f knowing bstolen g explaining c saying h Taking d Feeling i directed e borrowed j studying
8/ didn't know what to do
a... what time to invite people.
b... whether to invite Suzie or not.
c... how to use e-mail.
d... what drink to buy.
e... how many people to invite.
9Micro Mad Max
a10 b 13 c 7 d 9 e 1 f 2 gl4 h4 ill j3 k5 16 m 12- n 8
10a three-mile walk
aa ten-pound g a ten-page letter
note h a three-year b afour-week course
language course i a ten-year c athree-hour sentence
drive j a five-starhotel d a three-course k a 30-mile-an-
meal hour speed e atwo-week limit
holiday 1 a two-hundred-fa two-hour year-old house
delay
11People, places, and things
People:obstinate cunning spoilt
aggressive arrogant easy-goingPlaces: breathtaking unspoilt
picturesque deserted overgrown
overcrowded Things:automatic hand-made
accurate waterproof artificial
long-lasting
12Similar words
aillegible g truthful b unreadable h true c childish i intolerant d childlike j intolerable e sensitive keconomic f sensible 1 economical
13Adjective + preposition
aof b with, for c for d of e of f with/in g from, to h about i to j ofk of 1 for m for n about o with
14Silent consonants
Exercise 1 A
industrycomputer continent recipe eccentric insect lamp hooligan stadiumforest citizen B
bomblisten gadget honest receipt mortgage fasten heirloom whistlestraight fascinating sandwich exhausted
Exercise 2
ascientific g climb b psychologist h grandfather c handsome i campaign d research j Wednesday e Christmas k calm ffriendship 1 whisky
Unit 7
1Basic verb patterns
aI enjoy cooking. I find it very
creative. b I look forward toseeing you again
soon. c You need to book if youwant to eat
at Guide's. d I finishedpainting the bathroom
last night. e My dad promised tobuy me a
stereo if I passed my exams. f Ihope to see you again soon. g Anna chose to wear her black suede
skirt for the party. h What doyou feel like doing
tonight? i I can't afford to buyanything. I'm
broke. j I can't stand waiting inqueues. It
really annoys me. k Beth helpedme do the washing-up.
1What would you like to do tonight?
2Using a dictionary Exercise 1
a... they stopped to ask for ...
b•
cI stopped playing ...
dThe rain was so heavy ... to stop
the kitchen from flooding. e... stopped me to ask why ... f ... the sun stoppedshining.
g•
h... stop his son from going to ...
Exercise 2 a •
bI avoid travelling ...
cHave you considered working ...
dWe expected him to arrive ...
e•
fI've arranged to collect...
g•
h I can't help loving ... i Ioffered to give ...
J • k •
1I suggest we go to a restaurant... m I want you to come home early.
3More complex verb patterns
Exercise1 (Sample answers)
Mybrother wants me to fix his bike.
Ourhosts would hate us to be late.
Myaunt would love me to visit her
moreoften.
Thedoctor warned his patient not to
workso hard.
Myparents expect me to do well in my
exams.
Theguide advised the tourists to stay
close.
Thepoliceman told the driver to slow
down.
Weinvited all our friends to come to a
party.
Theteacher made her class do the
exerciseagain.
Mygrandparents let us do what we
wanted.
I'dlike my son to take over my
business.
Exercise 2
aI didn't expect to see Ben ... b We've been invited to dinner ... c Ineed to have a hair-cut. d I'm looking forward to seeing you
in June. e I can't decide what tohave for
dessert.
fThe teacher let us go home early. g But she made us do ... h Do youmind waiting for a minute? i I'd rather have tea. j I suggest we waitbefore we ... k She offered to lend me some money. 1 He asked me notto make a noise. m I apologized to my neighbours for
waking them.
4-ing or infinitive?
ato think getting
bto lock falling
cmaking to make
dto buy meeting
eto do asking
fto play to rain
gto speak painting
hcooking to cook to pay
5Adjectives, nouns, and prepositions
Exercise1
aimpossible e delighted
bnice f kind
csafe g sorry
dmean h interesting
Exercise 2
atime to go e need to shout b way to skin f things to do cidea to visit g money to pay d anyone to talk h nothing to wear
Exercise 3
afor arriving g at remembering b by doing h of buying c aboutgoing i for coming d without asking j like going e with having k of being stung f for making
6Forms of the infinitive
ahave forgotten g to disturb b to be selected h be working c to pay i to have seen d to have met j to be e to be recognized
dry-cleaned k have told f to be having 1 to be handed
7/don't want to
a7b9 c6 d2 el flO g 4 h 3 i 5 j 8
8The house that Jack built
ato work i repaying b to pay j to give c leaving k to celebrate d to do 1 doing e to lend m to buildf listening n living g working o being h to make
9Verbs of perception
asinging f waiting b slam g being built c cooking h laughing d playing i eat
sunbathing j shoplifting epick rip take put
10Compound nouns
ablood test blood pressure
blood donor
bcampsite building site bomb-site c waterfall water-melon
water-skiing d greenhousegreengrocer
green salad
enightclub nightmare night shift f briefcase suitcase bookcase g paperbag plastic bag
shoulder-bag
hrainbow raincoat raindrop i sunshine sunrise sunset j roadworks roadsign road rage k blackboard floorboard
notice-board
1daylight daybreak day-dream m handshake handwriting
handbook
nice-cube iceberg ice-rink o birthday cake birthday present
birthday card
plandscape landlady landslide q sports car sports centre
sports ground r address bookvisitors' book
notebook
11Phrasal verbs type 4
aaway from g up for b down on h away with c on with iup with d up to j out with e down on k up against faway with 1 in with
12 Weak and strong formsExercise 1
aShe isn't going to learn from this
experience, but he is. b I'veheard that you're thinking of
moving from London. Areyou? c They have dinner at seven, don't
they? d You'll be able to get aticket for me,
won't you? e Rye got no idea whothis letters
from. f Can't youremember who Bill used
to work for? g I've been^ waitingfor you to come.
Where were you? h We'dbeen looking forward to
coming for ages, then at the last
minute we weren't able to.i Won't you sit down for a couple of
minutes?
Exercise 2
AWhat are you doing at the
weekend? A We're going toScotland. Do you
want to come too? A We've decidedto camp. None of us
can afford to pay for a hotel. ANo we won't. We've got strong
tents, lots of warm clothes, and
thick sleeping bags. A Of coursewe have, and it's pretty
warm for October. A Excellent.I'll tell the others. They'll
be delighted. We'll pick you upat
six on Friday. See you then.
Goodbye.
Unit8
1How certain?
a•• b • c •• d •• e • f•• g • h •• i • j ••k •• 1 ••
2Present probability
aShe must be missing her boyfriend.
bIt'll be Tom.
cShe can't still be sleeping.
dThey should be in the top drawer.
eThey could be having a party.
fHe must have a deadline to meet.
gIt might be difficult driving to
work. h She may be hiding in thewardrobe.
3Past probability Exercise1
aShe must have got engaged to Andy. b He can't have cut it forages. c They must have been doing
something naughty. d She musthave been making a cake. e They can't/must/might have gone
without me.
fHe can't have had a party last night. g They should have arrived homeby
now. h She might have mislaid mynumber.
Exercise 2
aIt must have been blown down by
the wind. b They must have beenwashed with
something red.
cIt can't have been mended properly. d It can't have been given enoughto
eat. e They can't have beenwatered for a
long time. f It must have beenshattered by a
stone.
Exercise 3 (Sampleanswers) If I go to India I can see the Taj Mahal.
IfI go to India I will see.... If I go to India I might see ... If I goto India I may see ... If I went to India I would see ... If I wentto India I might see ... If I went to India I could see ... If I'dgone ... I might have seen ... If I'd gone ... I would have seen ...If I'd gone ... I could have seen ...
4Deductions about the present and past
a must be making b could haveused might have
climbed up c would have been dmay have been joking can't have
spent must have misheard e shouldbe touching down
must be will already have landed.f could be snowing can snow
5Meaning check
aability g sure
bpermission h possibility
cpermission i gave ...
dadvice not necessary
easking j ought
fmanage
6Which modals fit? Exercise 1
ashould/ought to
bCan/Could/May/Might
cmust/have to/should
dcan
ewill/could/may/might/should/
ought to f can g have to hcould/may/might/should/
ought to/must ican/could/may/should/ought to/
must/have to j must/have to
Exercise 2
ashouldn't f was able to b don't have to g should have ccouldn't gone d won't h mustn't e cannot
7Obligation and permission
Exercise1
1will not marry 5 may not visit
2 can only keep 6 cannot ride
3 should 7 shall sweepcommand 8 will dress
4 must be at must be
home 9 may not travel
Exercise 2
ahad to couldn't
bhad to weren't allowed to/couldn't
cdidn't have to was also allowed
couldn't/weren't allowed to dweren't allowed to/couldn't e were forbidden to/weren't allowed
to/couldn't f had to weren'tallowed to/couldn't
8Present to past
aI had to take ... b They must have been away ... c We couldn't seethe top ... d He can't/couldn't have been ... e We weren't allowedto/were
forbidden to/couldn't... f Hewouldn't go to bed. g That would have been John ... h You should havebeen more careful. i You didn't have to do this exercise.
9Positive to negative
a You mustn't stop here. b Wedidn't have to learn ... c They didn't have to take ... d He can't bespeaking Swedish. e We didn't have to wear ... f You won't have tohelp me ...
10 need and needn'thave Exercise 1
aV bM cV dV eV fM g M h V i V j M
Exercise 2
amustn't f didn't need to b needn't/ take/didn'thave
don't have to to take c haveto/need to g got to d don't need to/ h needn't have
don't have to bought eneedn't have
woken
11Words that go together
aC bA cD dB eD fC gB hA iC jA kB ID m C n D
12 A word puzzle
1 OSCAR
2 PREMIERE
3 GLAMOROUS
4 JETSETTER
5 FANCLUB
6 AUTOGRAPH
7 SOCIALITE
8 PENTHOUSE
9 LIMOUSINE
10MODEL
11ARISTOCRAT
Mysteryword: CELEBRITIES
13Verb + preposition
afor b about/for/at c of d from e in f to g in h in i to/with j to,about
14Consonant clusters and
connectedspeech Exercise 1
adoesn't i thrilled b shouldn't j marvellous c mustn't k excitement d muscles 1 sixth e crashed mimpressed f distinctly n length g special o comfortableh grumbled
Exercise 2
a The car windscreen's smashed. bMy uncle's sprained his ankle. c This cream doesn't taste fresh. dYou don't have to scream. e These white jeans must have
shrunk. f She arrived dressed inthe latest
fashion.
gHe doesn't know his own strength. h He can't have fixed it properly.
Unit 9
1Negative auxiliaries
adon't e isn't h doesn't b didn't f won't/ i hadn't chaven't isn't j hasn't d aren't g 'm not
2no, not, -n't, or none?
anot b n't c not d not e no f Not g none h no i n't j not k Not 1 nonem No n no o None p Not
3 Making sentences mean theopposite (Sample answers) a None of the students passed the
exam, so their teacher was
furious/disappointed. b Tom wasan unsuccessful
businessman who achieved very
little in his life. c Our houseis easy to find. No one
ever gets lost. d We had aterrible time in Venice. - .
There were too many people there.e You mustn't exercise your ankle. Try
not to move it at all. f I don'thave to iron my shirt. I'm
not going out tonight. g Youdon't need to/needn't come
with me. I'll go on my own. h Iwasn't in a hurry because I didn't
need to go to the shops. i Youought not to have given the dog
anything to eat. j I told you notto go to work. Why
aren't you in bed?
4/ don't think you're right
a.I don't suppose you've got... b The machine doesn't seem to be
working.
cI didn't think it was going to rain. d They don't want their daughterto
marry a footballer. e I didn'texpect to see you ... f I don't suppose you've seen ... g I don'tthink I'd like snails. h I don't expect you remember me.
iShe doesn't seem to like her job. j I don't believe she got grade A...
5Buzz Aldrin
aWhen did man first walk on the
moon?
bWho went first? c How long has Buzz Aldrin been
travelling the world? d Where washe born? e Which military academy did he
graduate from?
f Where did he serve as a pilot?g When was he chosen as an
astronaut? h When was Apollo 11launched to
the moon?
iHow long did the mission last? j What happened to Buzz when he
returned?
kWhat did he suffer from? 1 How many children did he have
from his first marriage? m Howmany times has he been
married?
nWho saved him from self-destruction? o Who do they live with? p Howmany cars do they have? q What sort of books has he written? r Whenwas Encounter with Tiber
published? s What does he do withhimself these
days?
6Dialogues
aWho made that mess ...?
What were you doing?
When are you going to tidy it up?b What was it like?
Who did you talk to?
Whatabout?
What went wrong?
What about? c What for/Why?
Who was he attacked by/Who by?
What was he doing/Where was he
when...?
How is he?
Which hospital was he taken to?
How long is he going to be in
hospital?
7Questions and prepositions
Exercise1
aby b to c at d on e for f in g about h of i from j with
Exercise 2
aWhatabout? e Who for? b Where to? f Who to? c Whatabout? gWhat with? d How long for?
8How... 7 and What... like?
aWhat's he like?
bHow was school today?
cWhat was the food like?
dHow was your journey?
eWhat's the weather like?
fHow is/was she?
gWhat's it like?
hHow's your job these days?
9Negative questions
a2bl c3 d4 e5 f6 g 8 h 7 .i 9 j 10 k 12 1 11
10Antonyms and synonyms A B
unkind cruel dishonest deceitful incredible unbelievable disappear vanish unfair biaseddispleased annoyed discontinue halt unfasten undo abnormal exceptional unemployed redundantunfriendly hostile distrust suspect unprofessional amateur unknown anonymous discover/uncover revealunsafe hazardous abuse/misuse damage improbable unlikely unimportant trivial unemotional reserved
11Hot Verbs keep and /ose Exercise 1
keepcalm a promise going
in touch with sb sb company
your nerve a secret sb waiting
your temper fit loseweight your way your nerve
your temper
Exercise 2
akeep in touch e lost my nerve b lost my temper f keep fit c keepgoing g Keep calm d keep a secret h lost my way
12Phrasal verbs and nouns
that go together Exercise1
comeup with a new idea, a plan beat up an old man, a victim ofa
crime break into a house,a flat, to steal
something break off arelationship, an
engagement
bringout a new product on the market bring up children to behonest and
hard-working clear out acupboard and throw out
what you don't want count onyour best friend to help you deal with a problem, a complaint,a
difficult customer drop out ofa university course after
one year fit in with theother people in the
group
lookup to someone you respect point out a fact that someonemight
not be aware of take backwhat I said -1 didn't mean
it tell off a naughtychild
Exercise 2
aclear out h come up with b are bringing out i told Tom off cbroke into j deal with d beat him up k fit in with
elooked up to 1 drop out of f I take it all back. m count on gI'll point him out n brought me up
13Intonation in question tags Exercise 1
aaren't you? V g aren't I? V b wasn't it? V h have you? A c couldyou? A i isn't it? V d isn't he? V j weren't we? V e isn't it?V k would you? A f has he? A 1 had we? V
Exercise 2
aYou like that car, don't you? V b Vanessa, you're going to Rome next
week, aren't you? A c That wasawful, wasn't it? V d You haven't borrowed my new coat
again, have you? A e You couldn'twater my plants while
I'm away, could you? A