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Works Cited
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UN Peacekeeping in Somalia
Widespread drought in Somalia brought relief efforts into the country. Starvation and disease are rampant. The collapse of the political framework led to civil war amongst the various factions. The relief efforts were being targeted by the Somali warlords and the Somali president petitions the U.N. for help. U.N. peacekeeping forces are sent in to protect humanitarian relief workers and to ensure that the food stuffs are being delivered.
Three Phases:
I. UNISOM I (United Nations Operations in Somalia)
– comprised mainly of 500 Pakistani soldiers, lightly armed
II. UNITAF (United Task Force)
– after little is gained by UNISOM I, the U.N. secretary-general calls for more coercive action.
– a large U.S.-led military-humanitarian intervention, known as ?Operation Restore Hope?
– UNITAF was largely successful in achieving its humanitarian objectives, supplying food to those who need it and imposing de facto ceasefire in areas of deployment
– could not, however, fulfill the larger tasks of peacemaking. The US withdraws from Somalia and was replaced by UNISOM II
III. UNISOM II
– a larger and more heavily armed force than a traditional peacekeeping contingent but smaller than UNITAF and lacking much of the heavy equipment and airpower brought by the US.
Result: UN forces have succeeded in relieving much of the starvation but not in helping the Somalis to reestablish a national government or to end their internal strife.
Relevant Approaches for Analysis:
1. Westphalian System v. Grotian Law
2. Rhetoric v. Actual Behavior