In some Asian countries, Buddhist monks were taught hand-to-hand combat. Their exercises were developed for self-defense and to strengthen their bodies so they could meditate for longer periods.
The first Buddhist influence on taekwondo is related to descipline and concentration. The type of focus needed for Buddhist meditation sessions is similar to the type needed for success in taekwondo class. In fact, many taekwondo students practice the art to learn mind and body control through self-defense techniques and concentration. In many ways, forms (kata) practice is comparable to active meditation. To perform a series of movements, students must develop their concentration and discipline themselves to make each technique precise. By pouring themselves into the form, they are absorbed by it; they are aware of everything the form has to teach and distracted by nothing.
Buddhism s second influence on taekwondo comes from the Zen sect. The Japanese samurai practiced Zen so they could rely on themselves, deny their desires for material possessions and remain single-minded in the pursuit of their goal.
One Zen contribution to taekwondo is the concept of mushin no shin, or mind of no mind. The samurai had to empty their mind so they could be free from distraction. Although many taekwondo instructors never mention the term, they do mention a related one: spirit. They frequently explain that spirit is one of the most important aspects of taekwondo. There will always be someone who can kick higher, punch harder or sidestep more quickly, but if students cultivate their spirit to the highest degree possible, they will always perform at their best in whatever they do, and that is all they can ask of themselves. (Comprehensive Asian Fighting Arts p94).
Instructors know that it is their spirit, not physical technique, that motivates the class and enables the students to learn taekwondo. Through the instructors enthusiasm and dedication, the students level can be improved. And that spirit is contagious. By sharing their spirit, they hope their students will be able to tap into it and eventually reach their own enlightenment.
Implementing the Philosophies
The practices and principles of Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism that have influenced taekwondo can still be observed in today s dojang. While Confucianism maintains order in the school, Taoism and Buddhism seek to lead students and instructors on a path of self-discovery and self-perfection.
Although the dojang does not need to be turned into a temple, by following the tenets of these philosophies, instructors and students can become the best martial artists possible. As Confucius taught, every person must determine what he thinks he should do and then do his best. Even if he fails to achieve his goal, that is okay, for the important thing is to try. (Dynamic Taekwondo p113).
A Better World and Taekwondo
Although most would say that taekwondo is not be the answer to world peace, it is in fact an answer to re-instill the ideas of morals and values in today s society. When a society is governed by values and morals, the society functions more efficiently as a whole and therefore would in fact make the world a better place to live in.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
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Lee, Jhang Kyu. Personal Interview. 4 May 1999.
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What is Buddhism? http://infoweb.magi.com/ dharma/buddhism.html. 1998. May 19, 1999.
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