19)Nancy ... her teeth now. a) brushes b) is brushing c) brushed
20)Sometimes we ... at a restaurant. a) eat b) are eating c) ate
21)She ... a Christmas dinner now. a) cooks b) is cooking c) cooked
22) It often ... in autumn. a) rains b) is raining c) rained
23) School year ... in September. a) begins b) begin c) is beginning
24)Bob ... television, he can't answer the call. a) watches b) is watching c) watched
25)John ... adventure books. a) liked b) like c) likes
Ex. 42Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глагол tobeв Present, Past и FutureSimple.
1. Моя сестра сейчас в магазине. 2. Моя сестра была в театре вчера. 3. Моя сестра будет в библиотеке завтра. 4. Сегодня мы в Москве, а завтра будем в Туле. 5. Вчера он был за городом, а сегодня он дома. 6. Она была учителем в прошлом году сейчас она переводчик. 7. Она на работе сейчас, а вечером она будет у родителей. 8. Твоя сестра будет учителем? — Нет, она будет журналистом. 9. Нас будет дома завтра.10. Кто будет здесь завтра? — Я буду.
Ex. 43 Поставьте глаголы в следующих предложениях в прошедшем и будущем временах.
1.There are many trees in our garden.2.There is a trolley-bus stop near my office.3.There are some mistakes in his dictation.4.There is a piece of chalk on the table.5.There is much snow in the street. 6. There are many flowers in the vase. 7. There are two pens in my bag.
Ex.44 Поставьтеглаголывскобкахвсоответствующемвремени Simple (Present, Past или Future):1.Не (come) to school tomorrow. 2. Ann not (come) to the park.3. He not (go) to the cinema every day. He (go) last Sunday. 4. Peter (write) a letter in two days. 5. The teacher says that the boys (speak) English next year. 6. When he (come)? I think he (come) next Tuesday.7. Where the teacher (go) last summer? 8. I (take) the book to the library tomorrow. 9. They not (see) the film because they were very busy. They (see) it in the near future. 10. When we (do) it? Tomorrowornextweek?
Ex. 45 Задайте альтернативные вопросы своему собеседнику.
A. Образец: I’m a pupil (a student).
Are you a pupil or a student?
1. Kate is at home (at school). 2. They are in England (Scotland). 3. Oxford is far from (near) London. 4. She is a writer (a painter). 5. She is interested in music (drawing). 5. I am seventeen (eighteen) years old. 6. The ice was thick (thin) on the river. 7. That was Jane (Ann) on the phone.
8. He was rude (polite) with you. 9. It will be cold (warm) tomorrow. 9.The weather will be fine (rainy) next week.
B. Образец: You have many (few) friends at school?
Have you many or few friends at school?
I had dinner at home (at school) yesterday.
Did you have dinner at home or at school yesterday?
They have a house (a flat) in Minsk. 2. My friend has a lot of English (French) books. 3. Our family had a rest in the countryside (abroad) last summer. 4. I usually have coffee (tea) in the morning. 5. We have meals three (four) times a day. 6. You will have five (six) lessons tomorrow.
Present Perfect Tense. Настоящее совершенное время
PresentPerfect употребляется для описания событий, которые произошли в еще неистекший период времени, или который продолжался вплоть до настоящего времени, а также при наличии наречий неопределенного времени: today- сегодня, thisweek/year/month-на этой неделе, already- уже, ever – когда-либо, never- никогда, yet - еще(в отрицательных предложениях со значением еще и в общих вопросах со значением уже), just- только что, for (alongtime)- долгое время, fortwohours- в течение 2 часов, uptonow- до сих пор, since – с тех пор; при наличии слов itisthefirst (second) time...- в первый раз; вписьмах, в первом вопросе и ответе, начинающих беседу о прошлых событиях.already- уже, ever – когда-либо, never- никогда, just- только что ставится между вспомогательным и основным глаголом
She has already left for Moscow. Она уже уехала в Москву.
PresentPerfect в отличие от PastSimple(которое выражает действие, свершившееся в истекшем отрезке времени) выражает связь прошлого действия с настоящим благодаря наличию результата сейчас. PresentPerfect никогда не употребляется в вопросах, начинающихся с вопросительного слова when).
PresentPerfectTense образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола have (has – в 3 лице ед. числа) , и третьей формы неправильного глагола, а к правильному глаголу прибавляется окончание –ed (причастия прошедшего времени (ParticipleII) смыслового глагола). (have/has + V3, V-ed) При образовании вопросительной формы вспомогательный глагол ставится перед подлежащим.
| Вспомогательный глагол (have, has) + подлежащее + основной глагол(V3, V-ed) + .? (общий вопрос) |
Have you learnt this poem by heart? -Yes, I have,
- No, I haven't learnt it yet.
В вопросах к подлежащему порядок слов не изменяется, подлежащее меняем на who –кто или what – что, вспомогательный глагол всегда has .
We have just left home.
Who has just left home?
При образовании отрицательной формы отрицательная частица not ставится после вспомогательного глагола.
| Подлежащее + вспомогательный глагол (have, has) + not + основной глагол (V3, V-ed) + … . |
We have not just left home.
| to have + Participle II | |
| Present Perfect | have/has done |
| Past Perfect | had done |
| Future Perfect | shall/will have done |
| Future Perfect in the Past | Should / would have done |
She has already left for Moscow. Она уже уехала в Москву.
She had left for Moscow ОнауехалавМосквудо
beforeIarrived. того, как я приехал.
She will have left for ОнауедетвМосквудо
Moscow before I arrive. того, какяприеду.
ShesaidthatshewouldОна сказала, что уедет в
haveleftforMoscow Москву до того, как я приеду.
beforeIarrived.
Сравните:
а)ThelifthasbrokendownЛифт сломался, (приходится ходить сейчас пешком)
Theliftbrokedown. Лифт сломался, (возможно, он уже снова работает)
Whendidtheliftbreak? Когда сломался лифт?
Не has smoked for two years. (He continues smoking)
He smoked for two years. (and then stopped smoking)
б)I'm sorry I haven't written before because I've been very busy lately. Извините, что я не писал раньше, но я был занят последнее время.
Ex46 Заполните пропуски глаголом has пли have:
1.Mum … already cooked dinner.2.My friends … not watched this film.3.I … never been to England.4. He ... gone home. 5. ... she come yet? 6. They ... gone home. 7. ... they gone home? 8. The bus ... gone. 9. I ... found it. 10. ... the bus gone? 11. Where ... he been? 12. Where ... you been? 13. I ... got some interesting books.
Ex 47 Поставьтеглаголыв Present Perfect.
1.I (clean) ...........the room.2. He (not read)...........this book.3. We (play) .........football.4. She (be) ........to America.5. I ( not see) ..........her yet.
Ex48 Напишите предложения в PresentPerfect, добавив нужные наречия.1.He is leaving home at the moment.2. She does her homework in the evening.3. They are crossing the road.4. He sends me two letters every month. 5. Mr.Norris finishes the work at 5 p.m.
Ex 49 Задайте 4 вопросакпредложению.
1.We have seen a good film recently.2. I have done a lot of work today.3.He has been in the yard.
Ex. 50 Переведите на английский язык.
1.Они были в Америке в этом году. 2.Я только что встретил Тома. 3.Мы уже перевели этот текст.
Ex . 51 Complete the sentences with how long, since, for, already, yet.
1. My sister has been at the University … six months. 2. ... have you known John and Susan? 3. Haven't you typed those letters ... ? 4. She's ... cleaned the house and it's only nine a.m. 5.I haven't watched TV ... my set broke down.
Ex.52 Поставьтеглаголывскобкахв Present Perfect или Past Simple.
1.Не (see) just me. 2. They (finish) already the letter. 3. John (find) them. They (be) in the yard. 4. What he (do)? 5. Where he (be)? 6. The car (stop). 7. I never (be) there. 8. We just (be) to the cinema. We (see) a good film. 9. Peter (come) home yet? 10. I (be) to the doctor. 11. I am so tired. I (do) a lot of work today.
Ex53 Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в PresentPerfect.
1.I (be) to Paris. 2.I think the director (leave) the town. 3. We (know) her since she arrived to our city. 4.I (forget) your name.5. He (close) the door? 6. He (do) it since we left him. 7. They (leave) Moscow this month? 8. He (not bring) a lot of French papers. 9.I (get) a long letter from father this week.10. She just (come); she will speak to you in a minute. 11. This order (lead) to many misunderstandings.12. He (write) his name on my book.
Ex 54 Раскройтескобки, употребляяглаголыв Present Perfect или Past Simple.
1.I (meet) two of my friends today. I (meet) them on mу way to school. 2. A month ago my uncle (build) a new house in the country. We (visit) it recently and (enjoy) ourselves very much. 3. He (forget) to close the window when he (leave) the house. 4. He (write) several letters this week. 5. Where Helen (go)? I don't see her here. — She (go) home an hour ago. 6. When the concert (to begin)? 7.1 don't think I ever (to see) such a beautiful garden as this one. 8. Jack London (to be born) in San Francisco in an extremely poor family. 9. You (to read) many books by Jack London? 10. How careless you are! You (to break) your mother’s favourite cup.
Ex.55 Раскройтескобки, употребляяглаголыв Present Perfect или Past Simple.
1.I never (to hear) this story from my father. 2. He (to be) a reader of this magazine for years. 3. She (to be) ill last week. 4.I cannot tell you whether I like this book, as I not (to read) it. 5. My mother not (to come) home yet. 6. I (to be) there last year. 7. When you last (to see) him? 8.I cannot give you this book as I (to give) it to Ann. When you (to give) it to her? 9. The child (to be) quite all right for the last two weeks. 10. It is cold today. The weather (to change) since yesterday. 11. You ever (to visit) this picture gallery? 12.I (to lose) my textbook and cannot remember when I last (to see) it.
Ex 56 Раскройтескобки, употребляяглаголыв Present Perfect или Past Simple.
1. Не never (to be) in Germany. 2. He (not to answer) my letter. 3. My mother (to go) to the country a month ago. 4. His brother not (to go) to school yesterday. 5. Where you (to be) last night? 6. You (to receive) a letter from your father this week? 7.I (to see) Ann on Wednesday. 8. My mother just (to go) out. 9. She never (to read) this book. 10.I (not to come) to you yesterday because I (to be) very busy. 11. When you (to write) a letter to your friend? — I (to write) a letter to him this week. 12. How many books you (to read) this week? 13. I (to be) at the theatre five or six times last month. 14. I (to reply) to his letter today. 15. They (to lose) their way. 16. I (to speak) to him about it over and over again. 17. I (to speak) to him about it yesterday. 18. He (to be) in Vienna several times.
Ex . 57 Choose the correct item.
1. We (live/have lived) in Hastinhs. 2. I (got/have got) two brothers and a sister. 3. He (plays/is playing) football once a week. 4. We (are/ have been) here since the shop opened. 5. I always (am drinking/drinks) black coffee. 6. (Has/does) he got a camera?7. When did you (got/get) home last night? 8. (We're/We) going to stay at home today. 9. We (knew/have known) them fora long time. 10. I (worked/am working) there two years ago.
Ex . 58 Put the words in the correct order.
1.I/on Saturday/didn't/you/at the party/see/night. 2. Some/in the library/ we/interesting/books/found. 3.Walked/ around the town/have/I. 4. Every week-end/do/clean/you/the house? 5.Slowly/he/getting/is/better.
Ex. 59 Переведите на английский язык.1)Вы смотрели вчера вечером фильм по телевизору? – Да. Вам он понравился? – Не очень. 2)Что ты делала в выходные дни? –Я ходила по грибы (to go mushrooms). 3)Когда ты приехал?- Я приехал на прошлой неделе. Ты хорошо (well) доехал?
| Ex.60 a) Напишите в каком времени вы бы перевели эти предложения.Мы играем в прятки сейчас.Моя тётя только что приготовила завтрак.Я поеду на море следующим летом.Мы убираем свою комнату раз в неделюГости уехали неделю назад. | b) Соотнесите время и способ его образования.1. Past Simple2 Present Progressive3 Future Simple 4 Present Simple 5 Present Perfect,V2V, Vs to be + Vingwill/shall + Vhave + V3 | c) Добавьте к каждому предложению подходящий указатель времени.1. I went to school....... .2. I go to school ....... 3. I am going to school...... 4. I have....... gone to school.5. . I shall go to school......( next Monday, yesterday, now, already, every day) |
Ex.61 Раскройте скобки и поставьте глагол в нужном времени.